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| 《原著論文》 | ||
| 加濃式社会的ニコチン依存度調査票を用いた小学校高学年および中学生における喫煙防止教育の評価 ―千葉県健康福祉部企画「喫煙防止出前健康教室」における調査― |
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| 星野啓一1,2,5)、吉井千春3,5)、中久木一乗1)、大国義弘1)、田那村雅子1)、紅谷歩1)、丸山恵梨子1)、加濃正人4,5)、大谷美津子1) | ||
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| キーワード：喫煙防止教育、小児、加濃式社会的ニコチン依存度調査票（KTSND）、心理的ニコチン依存 はじめに 2007年の厚生労働省調査によると、20歳代から30歳代の平均喫煙率は35％を超え、特に30歳代の男性喫煙率は54.4％を示している1）。また、中学校3年生男子の2.2％,女子の1.2％が毎日喫煙を続け、高校3年生では各々、13％、4.3％と特に男子において上昇が顕著である2）。一方、小学5年生の13％が喫煙経験ありとの報告もあるが3）、小学生に対しては大規模な喫煙実態調査が未だ行われていないのが実情である。タバコ会社にとって、これら小中学生は有力な将来の購買層であり、さまざまな方法で購入の動機付けが図られている4）。これに対して、小中学生に対しての喫煙防止に向けた介入はまだ十分ではない。 2006年9月から2007年3月の期間に千葉県健康福祉部の委託により、タバコ問題を考える会・千葉が千葉県内の教育施設（主に小中校、42校・46教室）で児童・生徒・教職員・保護者を対象とした喫煙防止出前健康教室(以下出前教室)を実施した。今回われわれは、この出前教室で加濃式社会的ニコチン依存度調査票（The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence,以下KTSND）を用いた調査を行った。KTSNDは加濃、吉井らによって開発された、喫煙者･非喫煙者の社会的ニコチン依存を評価するための簡易質問票で、喫煙の効果の過大評価（正当化･害の否定）と嗜好・文化性の主張（美化・合理化）を定量化する質問群からなる5）。成人での有用性6,7）、小学生での有用性8,9）が言われている。 |
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| 《原著論文》 | ||
| 47都道府県喫煙対策の実際 | ||
| 日本禁煙学会47都道府県喫煙対策評価委員会 委員長 加藤一晴 理事長 作田 学 |
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| キーワード：都道府県別喫煙率、県関連施設喫煙対策、学校敷地内禁煙、基幹病院禁煙化状況 |
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Smokefree policy of each 47 prefecture in 2007 Kazuharu Katou1, Manabu Sakuta2 To understand the present measures taken against smoking behavior, we carried out a questionnaire survey among each prefecture in our country. As a result, 41.75% of the responding male and 8.78% of those female were revealed smokers, respectively on an average. Concerning the non-smoking rule within the prefectural office, it was performed in 12 prefectures including fours in which smoking is prohibited even in parliamentary area. Whereas, the present practices of non-smoking in school, hospital, taxi or on the street seemed not necessarily well understood by administration in respective prefecture. Our questionnaire survey seemed useful as the responsible data source for passive smoking prevention agreement which would be established until 2010. Key word: smoking rate by prefecture, smokefree policy for prefectural premises, smokefree school, status of smoking ban in major hospitals 1. Chairman of the committee for evaluation on prefectural smokefree policy 2. Board Chairman of Japanese Society for Tobacco Control |
| 《原著論文》 | ||
| Acute effects of cigarette smoking on blood pressure and arterial stiffness in habitual smokers. | ||
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Akira Endo,MD,PhD1,4、Toshinori Kato,MD,PhD2、Shigeo Nakajima,MD,PhD3、Kazuo Itabashi,MD,PhD4. |
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Key words:cigarette smoking , blood pressure, arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity,
the second derivative of the photoplethysmogram |
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Abstract |
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| Introduction It is well known that cigarette smoking causes increase of risks of coronary artery disease1) and stroke2). Pulse wave velocity is an indicator of arterial stiffness, and a marker for vascular damage. Influence of cigarette smoking on arterial stiffness has been reported3-6), few reports concern acute effects of cigarette smoking on hemodynamic changes in Japanese habitual smokers. It seems relevant to determine whether cigarette smoking will change blood pressure and arterial stiffness in Japanese habitual smokers. The aim of this study was to assess acute effects of cigarette smoking on blood pressure and arterial stiffness by measuring brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity. Subjects and Methods Thirty-four habitual smokers (fifteen males and nineteen females) aged from 29.4 to 39.3 years (median 33.7 years, 25%tile 29.4 years-75%tile 39.3 years) were studied. Exclusion criteria were serious illness such as cancer or myocardial infarction, stroke, or peripheral arterial disease. None were taking anti-hypertensive agents. All subjects smoked one cigarette (Seven Stars, Japan Tobacco Inc.) within 3 minutes. Hemodynamic variables, including heart rate, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and vasospasms were measured at baseline and 15 minutes. Arterial stiffness was evaluated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV:form PWV/ABI;OMRON HEALTHCARE Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan). Heart rate and blood pressure were simultaneously measured with form PWV/ABI. Arterial compliance was assessed using the second derivative of photoplethysmogram waveform (SDPTG:Dyna pulse SDP-100;FUKUDA DENSHI Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The SDPTG consists of a, b, c, and d waves. Wave heights are influenced from circulating blood volume of finger apex, ratio of height of d-wave to height of a-wave (d/a) was used as an index of arterial comliance7,8). A negative value of d/a is big, arterial compliance decrease. The subjects were informed about the nature of the study and all gave their consent to the procedures. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 11. Data were expressed as median (25%tile-75%tile). Wilcoxon-t-test was used for comparison of continuous variables. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients was used to determine the significance of differences between blood pressure and d/a, and between baPWV and d/a. Differences were considered significant at p<0.05. Results Table 1 shows changes of heart rate, blood pressure, baPWV, and SDPTG. No heart rate change was observed after cigarette smoking. Compared with baseline, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures raised significantly at 15 minutes after cigarette smoking, but pulse pressure had no change. Mean baPWV increased significantly from 1240.8(1064.6-1310.5) to 1246.0(1075.1-1374.0) at 15 minutes. D/a of the SDPTG had no change. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure correlated inversely and linearly with d/a of the SDPTG (Table 2). BaPWV also correlated inversely with d/a of the SDPTG (Table 3). |
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 TABLE 1. Changes of heart rate, blood pressure, baPWV, and SDPTG |
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| 《WAT特集》 | ||||||||
| WALK AGAINST TOBACCO 2006 WEEK 6 REVISITED |
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| Mark Gibbens |
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| 参考サイト：Walk Against Tobacco 2006 （Galleryにいろいろな写真があります） ※WAT：WALK AGAINST TOBACCO |
